American Journal of PharmTech Research

Doxorubicin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent, but its clinical use is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, which can lead to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. This review discusses the potential of phyto constituent-based nanoformulations as cardioprotective adjuvants against doxorubicin. Encapsulating cardioprotective agents like herbal extracts, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory co0mpounds encompassing nanoparticles enhances their bioavailability and targeted delivery to cardiomyocytes. Various nanoparticle systems including polymeric (solid lipid), inorganic (mesoporous silica, gold), and nanocomposites have shown promise in mitigating doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cardiac injury in preclinical studies. The therapeutic effects of curcumin, resveratrol, thymoquinone, L-carnitine, and other agents were improved when delivered via nanoparticle. However, optimization of nanoparticle properties, targeted delivery strategies, long-term safety assessments, and clinical translation remain to be addressed. Nonetheless, nanoparticle-mediated delivery of cardioprotective agents holds great potential for reducing doxorubicin-associated cardiotoxicity and improving chemotherapeutic outcomes for cancer patients.

Depression is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by emotional instability, sadness, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, and loss of interest in daily activities. Conventional antidepressant therapies are associated with delayed onset of action, systemic adverse effects, poor patient compliance, low bioavailability, and inadequate blood–brain barrier penetration. Advanced pharmaceutical technologies including bilayer tablet systems and nanotechnology-based drug delivery approaches have emerged as promising strategies for improving antidepressant therapy. Bilayer tablets provide immediate and sustained drug release profiles within a single dosage form, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy and patient adherence. Nanotechnology-based systems including nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, lipid carriers, and intranasal formulations improve targeted brain delivery and reduce systemic toxicity. The present review discusses depression pathophysiology, antidepressant mechanisms, bilayer tablet technologies, tablet preparation methods, evaluation parameters, marketed antidepressant formulations, and recent advancements in nano-based antidepressant delivery systems. The review further highlights the future potential of advanced pharmaceutical approaches in depression management.

The growing demand for safe, multifunctional, and sustainable cosmetic products has accelerated the development of polyherbal antibacterial lipsticks as next-generation cosmeceuticals. Unlike conventional lipsticks, which may contain synthetic pigments, preservatives, and heavy metals associated with irritation, allergic reactions, and safety concerns, polyherbal formulations utilize bioactive plant-derived ingredients rich in flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, and essential oils. These phytoconstituents provide antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, and wound-healing properties while enhancing lip aesthetics. This review highlights recent advances in the formulation of polyherbal antibacterial lipsticks, including the selection of natural colorants, waxes, oils, herbal extracts, and functional phytochemicals. Particular emphasis is placed on antimicrobial mechanisms such as cell membrane disruption, inhibition of microbial growth, suppression of biofilm formation, and modulation of inflammatory pathways. Physicochemical, microbiological, and stability evaluation parameters essential for product quality and standardization are also discussed. Furthermore, emerging technologies including nanoherbal delivery systems, liposomes, phytosomes, and sustainable packaging strategies are explored for improving product performance and consumer acceptance. The review also addresses challenges related to pigment stability, quality control, regulatory compliance, and commercialization. Overall, polyherbal antibacterial lipsticks represent a promising convergence of traditional herbal knowledge and modern cosmetic science, offering safe, effective, multifunctional, and environmentally sustainable alternatives for advanced lip care and protection.