American Journal of PharmTech Research

Obesity is a chronic, systemic, preventable multifactorial disease caused by access and/or abnormal adiposity, negatively impacting the quality of life and reducing longevity. Body mass index (weight/height) is the often-used tool to measure obesity, a person with BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more is called an obese. Clinically obesity is of two types: preclinical obesity -high body fat with no disfunction or significant impairment of the body; and clinical obesity - high body fat with clear clinical manifestations such as functional limitations or organ disfunction (e.g., cardiovascular, musculoskeletal or metabolic disorder). Obesity has emerged as perhaps the most pressing public health problem of our era whose rates are rising at a fast pace, especially among the children. Currently, over 3 billion humans grapple with overweight or obesity. Lancet reports India could have more than 440 million overweight or obese people by 2050, one of the world's highest totals. No single treatment intervention can achieve weight loss goal in isolation. This global epidemic can be tackled only by unity, by teamwork, by applying four pillars: nutritional therapy, physical activity, behavioural changes, medical intervention (anti - obesity drugs and barbaric surgery). Probiotics, the living culture of bacteria (Lactobacillus gasseri, L. plantarum, Bifidobacterium species, Bacillus coagulans) are efficacious in reducing weight loss and related disorders, hence be used by obese individuals. WHO on the World Obesity Day 202654 emphasized that there are 8 billion reasons to act on obesity since this is a global issue affecting people of all ages and regions, and together, we can change the story of obesity? India is facing a growing epidemic of metabolic disorders: obesity and diabetes, and GLP - 1 drugs are one form of treatment. Following the expiry of semaglutide patient on 20th March 2026, over 50 Indian pharmaceutical companies have now launched generic semaglutide drugs (injectable and pills) under different trade names, at all most of the price that multinational companies sold it at, reducing the cost from 11000 to 18000 a month for a pen, to around Rs. 1200 to 4500/month, making it more affordable thus increasing access to these drugs.

Hypertension is one of the leading cause of global burden of disease. Hypertension doubles the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke, renal failure and peripheral arterial disease. In industrialized societies, blood pressure increases steadily during the first two decades of life. Approximately 13-15% of total deaths and 92 million disability adjusted life years worldwide were attributable to high blood pressure in 2001.1 In Ayurveda there is no mentioning of any disease which can be directly correlated with the hypertension, but based on the its presentation we can correlate hypertension with Raktagata Vata. Though there are a number of anti hypertensive medicine available, but in this era of health consciousness there is demand for herbal or herbomineral formulations which can be safely used in the management of hypertension. To analyse the effect Ayurvedic management of hypertension with Kamadudha Rasa, Amalaki Rasayan and Erand Bhrusht Haritaki in the effective management of Primary (essential) hypertension. This was a single case study. In this study a diagnosed patient of essential hypertension was taken. There was significant improvement in the clinical sign and symptoms.

Peptic ulcer disease remains a pressing health issue worldwide, most often linked to Helicobacter pylori infection and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). While conventional therapies such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), cytoprotective agents, and antibiotics have transformed patient care by reducing acid secretion and eradicating infection, they are not without drawbacks. Rising antibiotic resistance, drug-related side effects, and recurrence of ulcers continue to challenge clinicians and patients alike. In recent years, herbal medicine has gained attention as a complementary or alternative approach. Plant-derived compounds rich in flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids offer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antisecretory effects, while also strengthening the stomach’s natural defenses. Traditional remedies such as Anogeissus latifolia, Alchornea castaneaefolia, Decalepis salicifolia, Solanum nigrum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Asparagus racemosus, and Curcuma longa have shown promising results in experimental models, not only reducing ulcer formation but also accelerating healing. This review brings together evidence on both synthetic and herbal strategies, comparing their mechanisms, effectiveness, safety, and cost considerations. While PPIs and antibiotic regimens remain indispensable for H. pylori eradication and NSAID-induced ulcer prevention, herbal therapeutics stand out for their lower side-effect profile and potential to provide long-term mucosal protection. Looking ahead, integrated treatment approaches that combine modern pharmacology with traditional phytomedicine may offer the most balanced and sustainable path for managing peptic ulcer disease.