American Journal of PharmTech Research

Hypertension is one of the leading cause of global burden of disease. Hypertension doubles the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke, renal failure and peripheral arterial disease. In industrialized societies, blood pressure increases steadily during the first two decades of life. Approximately 13-15% of total deaths and 92 million disability adjusted life years worldwide were attributable to high blood pressure in 2001.1 In Ayurveda there is no mentioning of any disease which can be directly correlated with the hypertension, but based on the its presentation we can correlate hypertension with Raktagata Vata. Though there are a number of anti hypertensive medicine available, but in this era of health consciousness there is demand for herbal or herbomineral formulations which can be safely used in the management of hypertension. To analyse the effect Ayurvedic management of hypertension with Kamadudha Rasa, Amalaki Rasayan and Erand Bhrusht Haritaki in the effective management of Primary (essential) hypertension. This was a single case study. In this study a diagnosed patient of essential hypertension was taken. There was significant improvement in the clinical sign and symptoms.

Peptic ulcer disease remains a pressing health issue worldwide, most often linked to Helicobacter pylori infection and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). While conventional therapies such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), cytoprotective agents, and antibiotics have transformed patient care by reducing acid secretion and eradicating infection, they are not without drawbacks. Rising antibiotic resistance, drug-related side effects, and recurrence of ulcers continue to challenge clinicians and patients alike. In recent years, herbal medicine has gained attention as a complementary or alternative approach. Plant-derived compounds rich in flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids offer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antisecretory effects, while also strengthening the stomach’s natural defenses. Traditional remedies such as Anogeissus latifolia, Alchornea castaneaefolia, Decalepis salicifolia, Solanum nigrum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Asparagus racemosus, and Curcuma longa have shown promising results in experimental models, not only reducing ulcer formation but also accelerating healing. This review brings together evidence on both synthetic and herbal strategies, comparing their mechanisms, effectiveness, safety, and cost considerations. While PPIs and antibiotic regimens remain indispensable for H. pylori eradication and NSAID-induced ulcer prevention, herbal therapeutics stand out for their lower side-effect profile and potential to provide long-term mucosal protection. Looking ahead, integrated treatment approaches that combine modern pharmacology with traditional phytomedicine may offer the most balanced and sustainable path for managing peptic ulcer disease.

ABSTRACT Urolithiasis is a recurrent renal disorder characterized by calcium oxalate crystal deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal epithelial injury. Despite available therapies, recurrence rates remain high. Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken, traditionally used in urinary disorders, contains bioactive flavonoids with reported antioxidant and diuretic properties. However, the specific flavonoid(s) responsible for anti-urolithiatic activity and their mechanistic pathways remain unidentified. This study aims to isolate and characterize a flavonoid lead compound from B. pinnatum and evaluate its anti-urolithiatic activity through in vitro crystal assays, renal epithelial cell protection studies, and an ethylene glycol-induced rat model. Mechanistic pathways involving oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling, apoptosis, and renal transporter modulation will be explored. Translational biomarkers (KIM-1, NGAL, osteopontin) will be assessed to bridge preclinical findings with clinical relevance. The study is expected to validate a mechanistically defined phytopharmaceutical lead candidate for kidney stone prevention. Keywords: Urolithiasis, Bryophyllum pinnatum